dhr. prof. dr. W.J. (Wybren Jan) Buma


  • Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica
    HIMS
  • POSTBUS  94157
    1090 GD  Amsterdam
    Kamernummer: C2.255
  • W.J.Buma@uva.nl
    T:  0205256973

What's new?

Have a look at the Latest news ... and more  page to keep up to date with the most recent developments and highlights of our research

Molecules and Light

... is the leading theme of our research. We use light to study the structure of molecules and to understand how structure and function are related. To reach this goal we employ several strategies. Starting from isolated molecules in the gas phase that we study with high-resolution molecular beam (single and double resonance) techniques based on fluorescence and multiphoton ionization, we answer questions as to how the conformational landscape looks like in ground and electronically excited states and how changes in electronic charge distribution induce changes in structure and functionality. We then study the effects of a medium by microsolvation where we dress molecules in a molecular beam with a controlled number of solvent molecules, and look how the properties of the individual molecules are affected, ultimately relating these results to molecular properties under low-resolution solution conditions. We complement these experiments with quantum chemical calculations that not only provide us with a solid basis for their interpretation but also suggest new experiments and ways to optimize functional properties. One of the great challenges in the field - and one that we have met successfully - is to extend the complexity of molecules that can be studied in this way from merely model chromophores to genuinely prototypical systems in molecular photobiology or for applications within, for example, molecular nanotechnology.

Structure, and thereby function, is not a static molecular property; it is a property that can be influenced by external stimuli (photons, electrons, etc.), and under non-isolated conditions it is constantly subject to external interactions. We develop and apply new methods based on light to observe structure on time scales ranging from femtoseconds to seconds, ultimately aiming to control the directionality of structure changes through manipulation of intra- and intermolecular interactions in functional materials.

We thus use the interaction between light and molecules to understand , design , and control molecular systems, and seek to cover the complete trajectory from conception of new molecular systems to their application in functional materials. Our research can therefore certainly not be associated exclusively with one of the traditional areas within chemistry or physics, but supersedes their boundaries. Scientific areas that we work in concern:

  • vibronic coupling
  • electron and proton transfer reactions
  • polymer electronics
  • photoactive proteins
  • supramolecular assemblies
  • functionalized photoactive surfaces
  • pharmaceutical applications

Publications

Publications in refereed journals

Onderzoek uitgelicht

Een meer populaire beschrijving van het onderzoek dat bij Molecular Photonics wordt gedaan wordt gegeven in een van de 'Onderzoek uitgelicht' afleveringen.

A more popular description of the research in Molecular Photonics can be found in one of the 'Focus on Research' issues.

Vacancies

We regularly have vacancies on new projects. Have a look at the Vacancies page, and make your choice!

A.MSc and PhD projects

 

We are always interested in enthusiastic MSc en PhD students. For MSc students we regularly have projects that can be filled in on an ad hoc basis. The subjects of these projects reflect the broad scientific area in which Molecular Photonics is working: from more synthetically-oriented projects to high-resolution spectroscopy and advanced femtosecond laser spectroscopic techniques. At the same time, such projects can be rather fundamental in nature but we also have projects that are much more application oriented such as projects that we carry out together with medical centers such as the AMC and the LUMC.

 

For PhD students we do not have at the moment any position open. However, if you have the possibility to acquire your own funds to finance your PhD research we are always interested to get into contact with you and see how we can work together.

 

B. 2 PhD vacancies "Development of a Vibrational Optical Activity analysis toolbox "

The vibrational optical activity of chiral molecules provides an unique signature that can be used to determine the absolute conformation of a molecule. This is important as in many cases the precise chirality of molecules determines their chemical and biological activity. The current combination of experimental and computational techniques is so far only applicable to relatively small molecules and under nonresonant conditions. In this project methods will be developed that are able to treat larger molecules and methods that can be applied for Resonance Enhanced Vibrational Circular Dichroism (RE-VCD). This will be done in a consortium together with the Theoretical Chemistry group at the VU University Amsterdam, and the companies Scientific Computing & Modelling N.V. (The Netherlands) and BioTools, Inc. (USA) (see also http://hims.uva.nl/news-and-events/news/content/2014/11/million-euro-funding-for-structure-determination-of-chiral-molecules.html).

The PhD student that will be appointed at the University of Amsterdam will develop and implement analysis tools for Vibrational Absorption (VA) and Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) spectra based on novel quantum chemical methods. Apart from these computational activities, you will also measure VA and VCD spectra of a wide range of compounds of commercial interest, and apply the newly developed methods to interpret these spectra.

The PhD student that will be appointed at the VU University will develop and implement novel quantum chemical methods with a focus on efficient treatment of large and complex systems. This concerns amongst others use of subsystem and response techniques as developed in the Visscher group and by SCM. She/he will furthermore apply these methods in collaboration with the Buma group.

As part of the project you will be seconded for a total of three months to Scientific Computing & Modelling N.V. where you will apply the methods that you will have developed in a commercial setting.

Requirements

For this position the required background is a MSc. degree in a relevant field (chemistry or physics) and familiarity with quantum chemistry as well as software development. The experimental part associated with the position is rather straightforward, but nevertheless requires some affinity and familiarity with experimental spectroscopic techniques. Please note that you can also apply if you have not finished your Master yet. In that case the starting date of your PhD contract would be slightly after the date that you obtained your Master.

Further information

For further information, please contact:

Wybren Jan Buma
T: +31 20 525 6973

Luuk Visscher
T: +31 20 598 7624

Appointment

The full-time appointment will be on a temporary base for a maximum period of four years (18 months plus a further 30 months after a positive evaluation) and should lead to a dissertation (PhD thesis). An educational plan will be drafted that includes attendance of courses and (international) meetings. Based on a full-time appointment (38 hours per week) the gross monthly salary will range from €2,083 in the first year to €2,664 in the final year, according to the Dutch salary scales for PhD students. The collective employment agreement (CAO) of Dutch universities is applicable.

Job application

Applications can made following the instructions given here. Applications must include a curriculum vitae, a list of publications, a motivation letter (why did you choose to apply for this position), and the names and contact details of two academic referees. All these should be grouped in one PDF attachment.

 

November 2014: Grant from NWO Fund New Chemical Innovations (NWO-NCI)

Together with the Theoretical Chemistry group of Prof. Luuk Visscher at the VU University Amsterdam and the companies Scientific Computing & Modelling N.V. (The Netherlands) and BioTools, Inc. (USA) we have received a substantial grant for the development of a user-friendly analytical tool for determining the absolute configuration of chiral molecules using Vibrational Circular Dichroism. In this project spectroscopic methods will be integrated with theoretical modelling of molecules.The public-private partnership with the companies involved is aimed to make the tool accessible for application in industry. We are very pleased that we will be working together on this project with Prof. Larry Nafie, one of the pioneers in the field and Chief Technological Officer of BioTools, Inc.!

October 2014: Computational Sciences for Energy Research (CSER) (Shell-NWO/FOM) grant for solar energy conversion

In a nice collaboration with Koop Lammertsma and Matthias Bickelhaupt (VU University Amsterdam) we obtained a grant for the project Solar Energy Conversion – Breaking the 700 nm Absorption Barrier. In this project we will develop novel molecular systems with optimal characteristics to absorb the 700-1000 nm region of the solar spectrum and convert it to energy. The design of these systems will in first instance be done using a theoretical approach, but importantly, we will also benchmark these calculations with advanced spectroscopic studies.This collaborative effort once more illustrates the added value of a concerted theoretical and experimental approach.

November 2014

The article on sunscreens has caught the attention of high-impact journals! Nature Chemistry has dedicated a News and Views article on it. Apart from the attention this particular work receives, it is very nice that the article recognizes and emphasizes the role of fundamental science in technological applications.

July 2014: Article in The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters on sunscreens

Our article " Excited state dynamics of isolated and microsolvated cinnamate-based UV-B sunscreens" has been published in J. Phys. Chem. Letters 5, 2464-2468 (2014). We show that in this commonly used class of UV-B filtering agents electronic energy is dissipated at a much slower rate than assumed so far. The presence of such a bottleneck provides an elegant explanation for reported adverse effects. At the same time, we find that one can remove this bottleneck by putting the agent into a watery environment. The work once more shows how very fundamental spectroscopy can have major contributions to an area that generally is not associated with molecular beam spectroscopy. As you can see below, this is a subject that attracts a lot of attention!

March 2014: Article in the Journal of the American Chemical Society on boosting the difference between left and right

In our article "Amplified vibrational circular dichroism as a probe of local biomolecular strucure" we show that one can use auxiliary electronic manifolds (in the present case provided by CoII ions) to enhance vibrational circular dichroism signal intensities. We find that amplification factors of more than two orders of magnitude can be obtained, bringing vibrational differential absorption on an equal  footing with electronic differential absorption. Our approach gives us much faster access to the stereochemistry of chiral molecular systems, but also opens up new venues to probe on a very local scale the spatial structure of large systems such as metalloproteins. By the way, nice example of added value of in-house collaborations, in this case between the Molecular Photonics and Homogeneous Catalysis groups ! And, of course, also the collaboration with Larry Nafie is one that we appreciate very much !

October 2013: Article in Phys. Rev. Letters on the critical Landau velocity in helium nanodroplets

Superfluidity is one of the most well-known properties of liquid helium below the so-called critical temperature. But does this still hold for helium nanaodroplets, a medium of increasing interest both from a fundamental as well as applied point of view? In this study in which the experimental expertise of the group of Marcel Drabbels at the EPFL and our own group is combined with the theoretical expertise of the group of Manuel Barranco of the Universitat de Barcelona we have determined for the first time that there also exists a critical Landau velocity at the nano scale. The results have been published in Phys. Rev. Letters 111, 153002 (2013). Check out on YouTube some spectacular simulations of the experiments that have been done!

 

November 2013: Article in Nature Chemistry on lubricating molecular machines

Our article "Water lubricates hydrogen-bonded molecular machines"  has been published in Nature Chemistry 5, 929-934 (2013). We have investigated in this study how one can actively control the mechanics of molecular machines. In this case we look at one particular architecture (rotaxanes) and show that we can influence the rate with which the components of the machine move with respect to each other.

May 2013: ECHO grant for boosting the difference between left and right

Despite decreasing budgets and an increasing number of applications, Molecular Photonics remains successful in acquiring funds to perform high-level research. VCD is one of the most powerful probes of molecular stereochemistry and structure but suffers heavily from the "Law of conservation of misery" as the information content is much richer than with other methods but at the same time much more difficult to obtain. In the 2012-2013 round of the NWO-CW ECHO program Buma and Woutersen received an ECHO grant for the development and application of novel methods to measure Vibrational Circular Dichroism (see also Vacancies page). As a personal note I can add that my wife (Roberta Bursi, one of the PhD students of one of the godfathers of VCD, the late Philip J. Stephens) thus finally got her way to let me work on VCD as well ...

February 2013: Bryan E. Kohler distinguished lectureship University of California, Riverside

In Februari 2013 I have been bestowed the immense honor of being awarded the lectureship established in honor of Bryan E. Kohler, one of the giants in the field of molecular spectroscopy who has made a huge impact in the field of the spectroscopy of polyenes. I feel very humble and flattered when looking at the extensive list of previous holders of this lectureship.

September 2012: NWO Graduate Programme for HRSMC

As a result of being selected in a competitive program for Graduate Schools, the HRSMC has received in September 2012 funding (800 kEuro) from the Dutch Research Council (NWO) to offer young top talents the possibility to participate in the programme "Sustainability: the molecular approach". In the final stage of the Master Programme, students are challenged to develop their own ideas within the framework of the programme into a PhD research proposal.

April 2012: NWO BAZIS grant for Spectroscopic Research at LaserLab Amsterdam

Together with the Physical Chemistry group of Prof. M.H.M. Janssen (Free Univerty Amsterdam) the Molecular Photonics group has received a substantial equipment grant for the proposal "Photons for Chemistry". BAZIS grants are grants for research groups that have been recognized as belonging to research priority areas in the Physics and Chemistry sector plans. The grant enables us to update and extend our laser infrastructure that is at the basis of our understanding of the interaction between light and matter. In particular, it allows us to go full speed ahead on our program to translate this understanding into innovative molecular systems and materials with user-defined properties. Moreover, since the equipment is part of LaserLab Amsterdam also external users will have significant advantages from this extensive overhaul of equipment. We hope to see you make use of it soon!

October 2011: publication in Chemical Communication on boosting up Vibrational Circular Dichroism signals

For some time now we are using Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) to study molecular stereochemistry and conformational structure. VCD is very powerful tool but generally suffers from small signal intensities that impede application of the technique as a standard analytical tool. Strategies to enhance VCD signals are therefore of substantial importance. In this Communication we show that we can obtain an order of magnitude enhancement by carefully modulating the electronically excited-state manifold. The article has received quite some attention, not in the least because it was given ample publicity on the back cover of the issue of Chemical Communications in which it appeared!

September 2011: Opening symposium Institute Quantivision

September 21 marked the official opening of Institute Quantivision, a collaboration between the VUmc, AMC,NKI/AVL, VU, UvA and companies to develop medical imaging devices, software and protocols to enhance the efficiency, efficacy and economy of healthcare. Prof. dr Wybren Jan Buma is one of the members of the Management Team. This Institute has originated from a ZONmw initiative, called Innovative Medical Devices Initiative to establish regional Centres of Research Excellence, where healthcare, business and science collaborate on the development of new medical devices that enable future health care at high standards, in an aging population with decreasing numbers of working forces. We are very excited to be part of this Institute and are looking forward to bring in our Molecular Photonics expertise.

July and September 2011: Molecular Photonics for Health

One of the more applied areas the Molecular Photonics group has started to work in, is the area of Medical Photonics. Presently, we have a large portfolio of joint projects with various University Medical Centers that started with the, by now long-standing, fruitful collaboration with the Biomedical Engineering and Physics group at the Amsterdam Medical Center (AMC). Two typical examples are included here; one which concerns a study on new methods for age determination of blood stains that was published in PLos ONE, and one which focuses on the development of new upconversion nanoparticles for applications like photodynamic therapy that was published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

May 2011: ECHO grants for molecular machines in the gas phase

The Molecular Photonics group has been very succesful in the 2010-2011 ECHO round of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Both Sander Woutersen and Wybren Jan Buma were awarded ECHO grants for research on molecular machines. ECHO grants are €260,000 project grants designated for Excellent CHemical  Research projects . ECHO grants are designed to facilitate high-quality research projects rooted in intellectual curiosity. This will allow for the development of audacious ideas, and help lay the groundwork for the research themes of the future and/or scientific innovation.

December 2010: Article in Nature Nanotechnology on photoluminescence from silicon nanocrystals

In a very nice and fruitful collaboration with the groupof Tom Gregorkiewicz (WZI, UvA) silicon nanocrystals have been studied. The resulting article " Red spectral shift and enhanced quantum efficiency in phonon-free photoluminescence from silicon nanocrystals " has been published in Nature Nanotechnology 5 , 878-884 (2010). The article has been highlighted in the News and Views section of the issue.

September 2010: Article in the Journal of the American Chemical Society on the development of a novel method to obtain IR spectra of molecular ions with ultra-sensitive detection

The continuing collaboration with the group of Dr. Marcel Drabbels at the EPFL has led to an article entitled " IR spectroscopy of molecular ions by nonthermal ion ejection from helium nanodroplets " which has been published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society 132 , 14086-14091 (2010) as a regular article. We report experiments that have enabled the detection of IR absorption in cold molecular ions with a sensitivity that is at least two orders of magnitude better than what was possible up till now. The experiments are the first of its kind in which helium nanodroplets are applied to obtain vibrational spectra of molecular ions.The results hold great promise for the future as was recognized by Chemistry World which highlighted this publication! 

June 2010: Article in Science on the operation mechanism of molecular machines

Our article " Operation Mechanism of a Molecular Machine Revealed Using Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy " has been published in Science 328 , 1255-1258 (2010). In this article we look at the mechanical behavior of molecular-level machines using vibrational transitions as probes for determining how the parts of the machines move with respect to each other. More detailed information can be found in the link indicated below

May 2010: Article in Angewandt Chemie on releasing a molecular brake

Our Communication " Controlled hydrogen-bond breaking ina rotaxane by discrete solvation " has been published in Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed. 49 , 3896-3900 (2010). It has been selected as one of the highlights with an artful frontispiece made by one of the authors, Dr. Nadja Saendig. This article, in which we show how to release the macrocycle from the thread by solvating a rotaxane with one solvent molecule at a time, has attracted quite some attention. Look at the YouTube link to see a movie of what is happening!

April 2010: Communication in Journal of the American Chemical Society on unveiling the spectroscopic properties of para-coumaric acid

In our Communication " High-resolution excitation and absoption spectroscopy of gas-phase p-coumaric acid: unveiling an elusive chromophore " in the Journal of the American Chemical Society 132 , 6315-6317 (2010) we report on high-resolution spectroscopic studies of isolated para-coumaric acid (pCA). Since this molecule is the chromophore of the Photoactice Yellow Protein (PYP), many studies have - unsuccessfully - pursued the characterization of its electronically excited-state manifold under isolated-molecule conditions. Using a multicolor resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization approach under molecular beam and helium nanodroplet conditions, we show how pCA has become accessible to high-resolution studies of its conformational and electronically excited states dynamics. Another nice aspect is the participation of two undergraduate students. Good publicity for Chemistry indeed!

August 2009: Communication in Journal of the American Chemical Society on nanomachine components in helium nanodroplets

A new collaboration has been set up with Dr.Marcel Drabbels (EPFL) in the field of helium nanodroplet spectroscopy. The Communication " Conformational flexibilityof a rotaxane thread probed by electronic spectroscopy in helium nanodroplets " in the Journal of the American Chemical Society 131 , 12902-12910 (2009) reports our first successful studies in this field. We show how dissolving single rotaxane threads into a helium nanodroplet enables us to resolve the broad absorption spectrum observed under molecular beam conditions into the separate contributions of individual conformers populated under the employed experimental conditions. This is a big step forwards as it allows us to study the properties of each single conformer instead of a property averaged over many conformers.

February 2009: Communication in Journal of the American Chemical Society on IR spectrosocopy on isolated [2]rotaxanes

Our Communication " Stiff, and sticky in the right places: binding interactions in isolated mechanically interlocked molecules probed by mid-infraredspectroscopy " has been published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society 131 , 2428-2429 (2009). In a very nice collaboration with FOM Rijnhuizen which gave us access to the unrivaled IR laser radiation possibilities that FELIX offers, we show how we have brought multi-component systems - and with that many other molecular systems that many previously thought to be out of the question - within reach of high-resolution IR spectroscopic techniques.

January 2009: Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on the molecular analog of Young's double slit experiment

Together with Robert W. Field (MIT) we have investigated the famous case of InterSystem Crossing (ISC) in acetylene. Employing an experimentally challenging approach based on 2D excited-state photoelectron spectrocopy, we have been able to determine the composition of coupled singlet and triplet wavefunctions. Remarkably, we find interferences between singlet-triplet coupling pathways. This observation opens up exciting possibilities for external control schemes over nonradiative decay pathways. The results have been published as " Interference in acetylene intersystem crossing acts as the molecular analog of Young's double slit experiment " in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America  106 , 2510-2514 (2009).  

28 October 2008: Experiment NL

EXPERIMENT NL (NWO research projects for the general public) is the third book in the series " Science in The Netherlands ". In 14 chapters more than 100 remarkable research projects are presented as the best that Science in The Netherlands offers.In Carpet of Nanomachines our work on rotaxanes is discussed.

July 2008: Article in Angewandte Chemie on "Proton transfer with a twist"

In a fruitful collaboration with synthetic, physical-organic, and molecular spectroscopy groups we have shown that photoinduced proton transfer in 7-(2'-pyridyl)-indole is accompanied by mutual twisting of the pyridyl and indole moieties. The results suggest that this phenomenon is quite general for several classes of organic molecules with intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The results have been published as the communication" Protontransfer with a twist? Femtosecond dynamics of 7-(2-pyridyl)indole in condensed phase and in supersonic jets " in Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed. 47 (32),6037-6040 (2008).

April 2008: Article in Angewandte Chemie on 'molding' a molecule

Our Communication " Shaping of a conformationally flexible molecular structure for spectroscopy " has been published in Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed. 47(17) , 3174-3179 (2008). It has been selected as one of the highlights, and been published with a very nice frontispiece made by one of the authors, Dr. Anouk Rijs. For highlights of this paper, see for example " Moleculaire mal dwingt grote moleculen in vorm " by Margriet van der Heijden in NRC Handelsblad,April 12, 2008, and the links given below.

March 2008: Descartes Prize

March 12, 2008 we received in Brussels the Descartes Prize for Transnational Collaborative Research as member of the SynNanoMotor consortium for" developing the first functional examples of synthetic motors on a molecular scale and many other useful and innovative nanomachines ". This has generated a lot of positive publicity, a few examples of which are given below.

February 2008: Study group Spectroscopy and Theory of NWO-CW

At the annual meeting of the Study group Spectroscopy and Theory of NWO-CW (Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research- Chemical Sciences) Prof. Silvia Volker has retired as chairwoman of the Board, and has been succeeded by Prof.Wybren Jan Buma

January 2008: Holland Research School of Molecular Chemistry

As of January 1, 2008 Prof. Kees Elsevier has resigned as Scientific Director of the Holland Research School of Molecular Chemistry (HRSMC), and Prof. Wybren Jan Buma has been appointed as his successor. Kees has done a wonderful job last years and has guided us through the reaccreditation. I'll do my best to live up to his performance!

2015

  • K. Liu, J.A. Holz, Y. Ding, X. Liu, Y. Zhang, L. Tu, X. Kong, B. Priem, A. Nadort, S.A.G. Lambrechts, M.C.G. Aalders, W.J. Buma, Y. Liu & H. Zhang (2015). Targeted labeling of early-​stage tumor spheroid in chorioallantoic membrane model with upconversion nanoparticles. Nanoscale, 7 (5), 1596-1600. doi: 10.1039/C4NR05638H[go to publisher's site]
  • E.M.M. Tan, S. Amirjalayer, S.D. Smolarek, O. Vdovin, F. Zerbetto & W.J. Buma (2015). Fast photodynamics of azobenzene probed by scanning excited-state potential energy surfaces using slow spectroscopy. Nature Communications, 6. doi: 10.1038/ncomms6860
  • K. Liu, J.A. Holz, Y. Ding, X. Liu, Y. Zhang, L.. Tu, X. Kong, B. Priem, A. Nadort, S.A.G. Lambrechts, M.C.G. Aalders, W.J. Buma, Y. Liu & H. Zhang (2015). Targeted labeling of an early-stage tumor spheroid in a chorioallantoic membrane model with upconversion nanoparticles. Nanoscale, 7 (5), 1596-1600. doi: 10.1039/c4nr05638h

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2009

  • M. de Groot & W.J. Buma (2009). Molecular vivisection, Young's double-slit experiment, and a schizophrenic molecule. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Natuurkunde, 75 (7), 286-290.
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