In his research Jeroen Hinloopen is concerned with Industrial Organisation, the discipline within the economic sciences which studies the mechanisms of imperfectly competitive markets. He has published extensively in international scientific journals on a range of subjects such as price regulation, comparative advantage, research and development, optimal financing structures for businesses, product differentiation, tacit collusion, competition policy and robust methods for testing and estimation. He is the main author of the teaching method Praktische Economie (Practical Economy) for senior general secondary education (HAVO) and university preparatory education (VWO).

Hinloopen studied Econometrics at Erasmus University Rotterdam and was awarded his doctorate from the European University Institute in Florence. He has served as deputy director of the CPB since February 2017. Until that time he was Professor of Industrial Organisation and Director of Education at the Utrecht University School of Economics (U.S.E.), a department of Utrecht University. From 2009 to 2015 Hinloopen already held the chair in Industrial Organisation at the UvA. He was previously affiliated to the University of Copenhagen, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) and the University of Leuven (KU Leuven). He also worked as a policy adviser at the Dutch Central Bank and the Ministry of Economic Affairs.

Hinloopen is a fellow of the Tinbergen Institute and the Amsterdam Centre for Law and Economics (ACLE). He is also a member of the ME Judice Economists Panel, a discussion forum on topical economic issues.