prof. dr. W.T.A.M. (Walter) Everaerd


  • Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences
    Programme group Clinical Psychology
  • Weesperplein  4
    1018 XA  Amsterdam
  • W.T.A.M.Everaerd@uva.nl
    T:  0205256114

Research topics

Autobiographical memories contribute to the experience of sexual emotions and also affect sexual behavior. These memories support the interpretation of what occurs in our environment and determine the valence, whether positive or negative, of the resulting emotions.
I am interested in the role of emotional memories in sexuality. It provides an excellent domain for the study of autobiographical memories and emotion.

publications from 2000 -

  • Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2000) Drug treatments for women's sexual. Journal of Sex Research, 37, 195-204.
  •  Everaerd, W., Both, S. (2000) Memories of you: on women's sexual desire. Sexul and Relationship Therapy, 15(4), 321-324
  • Janssen, E., Everaerd, W., Spiering, M., Janssen, J. (2000) Automatic processes and the appraisal of sexual stimuli: towards an information processing model of sexual arousal. Journal of Sex Research, 37, 8-23.
  • Rietveld, S., Everaerd, W., Creer, T.L. (2000) Stress-induced asthma: a review of research and potential mechanisms. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 30, 1058-1066.
  • Rietveld S, Everaerd W. (2000). Perceptions of asthma by adolescents at home. Chest, 117: (2) 434-439
  • Rietveld, S.; Van Beest, I.; Everaerd, W. (2000) Psychological confounds in medical research: the example of excessive cough in asthma. Behaviour Research and Therapy, Vol: 38(8), 791-800.
  • Rietveld, S., Everaerd, W., van Beest, I. (2000) Excessive breathlessness through emotional imagery in asthma. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38,1005-1014
  • Sipsma, E, Carrobles Isabel, J-A, Montorio Cerrato, I., Everaerd, W. (2000) Sexual agression against women by men acquaintances: Attitudes and experiences among Spanish university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, (1), 14-27
  • Everaerd, W., Laan, E., Spiering, M. (2000) Male Sexuality. In: L Szuchman, F. Muscarella (Eds). Psychological Perspectives on Human Sexuality. New York: Wiley. (60-100).
  • Everaerd, W., Laan, E., Both, S., van der Velde,J. (2000) Female Sexuality. In: L Szuchman, F. Muscarella (Eds). Psychological Perspectives on Human Sexuality. New York: Wiley. (101-146).
  • Everaerd, W.(2000) Psychoanalyse en cognitieve neurowetenschappen. Mededelingenblad van de Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychoanalyse, 15(4), 114-117
  • Everaerd, W. (2000) MS kan seksuele leven verstoren. MenSen, 8, 10-12.
  • van der Velde, J., Everaerd, W. (2001) The relationship between involuntary pelvic muscle activity, muscle awareness and experienced threat in women with and without vaginismus. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39, 395-408.
  •  Everaerd, W., Both, S. (2001) Ideal female sexual function. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 27, 137-139.
  • Laan E, Lunsen RHW van, Everaerd W. The effects of tibolone on vaginalblood flow, sexual desire and arousability in postmenopausal women. Climacteric, 2001;4:28-41.
  • van Lankveld, JJDM, Everaerd W, Grotjohann Y (2001).Cognitive-behavioral bibliotherapy for sexual dysfunctions in heterosexual couples: A randomized waiting-list controlled clinical trial in the Netherlands. Journal of Sex Research, 38: (1) 51-67.
  • Everaerd, W, Laan, E., Both, S. (eds) (2001) Sexual Motivation, Appetite and Desire. Amsterdam: KNAW Edita. ISBN 90-6984-305-6.
  • Everaerd, W, Laan, E., Both, S., Spiering, M. (2001) Sexual motivation and desire. In: Everaerd, W, Laan, E., Both, S. (eds) Sexual Motivation, Appetite and Desire. Amsterdam: KNAW Edita, p. 95-110
  • Everaerd, W. (2001) Herinneringen over de toekomst van de psychologie (Memories of the future of psychology). In: van Dam, K. et al (red) Toekomstbeelden (Perpsectives on the future) Jaarboek 2000/2001 UvA, Amsterdam: Vossiuspers.88-92.
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W. (2002) Comment on "The female sexual response: different model". Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 28(1), 11-16
  • Tuiten A, Van Honk J, Verbaten R, Laan E, Everaerd W, Stam H (2002). Can sublingual testosterone increase subjective and physiological measures of laboratory-induced sexual arousal? Archives of General Psychiatry. 59(5):465-6.
  •  Spiering M, Everaerd W, Elzinga B (2002). Conscious processing of sexual information: interference caused by sexual primes. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 31(2):159-64.
  • Broers S, Van Vliet KP, Everaerd W, Le Cessie S, Radder JK (2002). Modest contribution of psychosocial variables to hypoglycaemic awareness in Type1 diabetes. Journal of Psychosomatic Research; 52(2):97-106.
  • Rietveld, S., Everaerd,W., (2002) Symptom perception in asthma. In: Kaptein A.A., & Creer, T.L., (eds) Respiratory Disorders and BehavioralMedicine. London: Martin Dunitz Ltd. p.117-138.
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W. (2002) Comment on "The female sexual response: a different model". Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 28(1),11-16.
  • Spiering M, Everaerd W, Elzinga B (2002). Conscious processing of sexual information: interference caused by sexual primes. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 31(2):159-64.
  •  Broers S, Van Vliet KP, Everaerd W, Le Cessie S, Radder JK (2002). Modest contribution of psychosocial variables to hypoglycaemic awareness in Type1 diabetes. Journal of Psychosomatic Research; 52(2):97-106.
  • Laan, E., Van Lunssen, R.H.W., Everaerd, W., Riley, A., Scott, E., Boolell,M. (2002) The enhancement of vaginal vasocongestion by Sildanefil in healthy premenopausal women. Journal of Women's Health & Gender-Based Medicine 11 (4), 357-365.
  • Leenhouts, G.H.M.W., Kylstra, W.A., Everaerd W, Hahn, D.E., Schultz, W.C., van de Wiel, H.B., Heintz, A.P. (2002). Sexual outcomes following treatment for early-stage gynecological cancer: a prospective and cross-sectional multi-center study. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 23 (2): 123-132.
  • Stegeren, A.H., Everaerd, W., Gooren, L.I.G. (2002) The effect of beta-adrenergic blockade after encoding of an emotional event. Psychopharmacology, 163 (2), 202-212.
  • van Stel, H.F., Maille, R.A., Colland, V.T., Everaerd, W..(2002). Interpretation of change and longitudinal validity of the Quality of Life for Respiratory Illness Questionnaire in inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation. Clinical Therapeutics, 24: 12 Suppl. B 2002.
  •  Everaerd, W. (2002) Experimenteren met seks. Emotie en motivatie. De Psycholoog, 37 (7/8), 383-388.
  •  Everaerd, W., Laan, E.(2002). Beleven is weten. Emoties en de plasticiteit van het declaratieve geheugen. De Psycholoog, 37 (10), 506-510.
  • Rietveld, S., Everaerd, W., (2002) Symptom perception in asthma. In: KapteinA.A., & Creer, T.L., (eds)Respiratory Disorders and Behavioral Medicine .London: Martin Dunitz Ltd. p.117-138.
  • Everaerd, W. (2002) Clinical psychology of sex therapy. In: Smelser, N.J., Bates, P.B. (eds) International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Pergamon. p. 13965-13969.
  • Everaerd, W. (2002) On Fertile Ground: A Natural History of Human Reproduction. Peter T. Ellison. Contemporary Psychology, 47(5), 611-613.
  • Everaerd, W. (2002) Wie zijn wij? Bespreking van Joseph LeDoux: Synaptic Self. How our brains become who we are. Neuropraxis, 6(4),123.
  •  van Stel, H.F., Maille, A.R., Colland, V.T., Everaerd, W. (2003) Interpretation of change and longitudinal validity of the quality of life for respiratory illness questionnaire (QoLRIQ) in inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation. Quality of Life Research, 12 (2): 133-145
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2003) Modulation of spinal reflexes by aversive and sexually appetitive stimuli. Psychophysiology, 40 (2 ),174-183.
  • Spiering, M., Everaerd, W., Janssen, E. (2003) Priming the sexual system:explicit versus implicit activation. Journal of Sex Research, 40, (2), 134-145.
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W. (2003) Over seksueel dwingend gedrag: van teveel geslachtsdrift naar onvoldoende regulatie. Tijdschrift voor Seksuologie, 27(3), 125-132.
  • Everaerd, W. (2003) Het psychofysiologisch laboratorium en seksuele disfuncties. Tijdschrift voor Seksuologie, 27(2), 83-87.
  •  Everaerd,W. (2003) Beweging in ecologisch perspectief. Boekbespreking: M.S.J. Boschker (2001) Action based imagery. On the nature of mentally imaged motor actions. Proefschrift VU Amsterdam. De Psycholoog, 38, 379-380.
  •  Everaerd, W. (2003) Wat Spinoza dacht. Boekbespreking: Damasio, A. Looking for Spinoza. Joy, sorrow, and the human brain. Neuropraxis, 4,12.6-127.
  • Van Stegeren, A. , Everaerd, W. (2003) Amygdala inbeeld - De emotionele kameleon. Neuropraxis, 7(6), 193-199.
  •  Messelink, E.J., Bemelmans, B.H.L., Groot, J.A.M.,Gisolf, K.W.H., Vervest, H.A.M., Berghmans, L.C.M., Everaerd, W., Kil, P.J.M., Wiersma, Tj. (2003) Richtlijn no.13 Urge en urge-incontinentie. Utrecht: Nederlandse Vereniging voor Urologie.
  • Both, S., Spiering, M., Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2004) Sexual behavior and responsiveness to sexual stimuli following laboratory-induced sexual arousal. Journal of Sex Research, 41(3):242-58.
  • Spiering, M., Everaerd, .W, Laan, E. (2004) Conscious processing of sexual information: mechanisms of appraisal. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 33(4):369-80.
  • Everaerd, W., Gersons-Wolfensberger, D.C. (2004) Het advies van de Gezondheidsraad over hervonden herinneringen van seksueel misbruik: omstreden herinneringen. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde. 14;148(33):1620-2.
  •  Everaerd, W. (2004) Tweede Hugo Beigel Award voor Erick Janssen: onze man in Amerika. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Seksuologie, 28(2), 111-112.
  • van Stegeren, A.H., Goekoop, R., Everaerd, W., Scheltens, P., Barkhof, F., Kuijer, J.P., Rombouts, S.A. (2005) Noradrenaline mediates amygdala activation in men and women during encoding of emotional material. Neuroimage, 24(3),898-909.
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W.,Laan,E., Gooren, L. (2005) Effect of a single dose of levodopa on sexual response in men and women. Neuropsychopharmacology, 30(1),173-83.
  • Both, S., Van Boxtel, G., Stekelenburg J, Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2005) Modulation of spinal reflexes by sexual films of increasing intensity Psychophysiology, 42 (6): 726-731.
  • Everaerd, W. (2005) Eine kontinuierlich fliessende Quelle der Stimulation. Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung, 18 (1), 45-48. Special issue: 100 Jahre Freuds 'Drei Abhandlungen zur Sexualtheorie". Verscheen ook in: Dannecker, M., Katzenbach, A. (Hg.) (2005) 100 Jahre Freuds "Drei Abhandlungen zur Sexualtheorie` Aktualität und Anspruch. Giessen:Psychosozial-Verlag (Thieme). P. 75-79.
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W., Laan, E.(2005) Seksueel verlangen en opwinding: Een psychofysiologisch perspectief op seksuele motivatie. Neuropraxis, 9, 64-70.
  •  Oei, N.Y.L., Everaerd, W., Elzinga, B.M., van Well, S., Bermond, B. (2006). Psychosocial stress impairs working memory at high loads: An association with cortisol levels and memory retrieval. Stress: The International Journal on the Biology of Stress, 9(3), 133-141.
  •  Spiering, M., Everaerd, W., Karsdorp, P., Both, S., Brauer, M. (2006) Nonconscious Processing of Sexual Information: A Generalization to Women. Journal of Sex Research, 43(3), 268-281
  •  vanStegeren, A., Rohleder N., Everaerd, W., Wolf, O.T. (2006). Salivary alpha amylase as marker for adrenergic activity during stress: effect of betablockade. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 31(1):137-41.
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2005) Sexuelles Begehren und sexuelle erregung: Sexuelle Motivation aus psychophysiologischer Sicht / Sexual desireand sexualarousal: Sexual response from a psychophysiological perspective. Zeitschrift-fur-Sexualforschung, 18(4), 364-380.
  •  Laan, E., Everaerd, W., Both, S. (2005) Female sexual arousal disorders. In: Balon, R. & Segraves, R.T. (eds) Handbook of Sexual Dysfunction Boca Raton: Taylor and Francis. p. 123-154.
  • Everaerd, W.Th.A.M., Vingerhoets, A.J.J.M., Dekker, J. (2006) De rol van theorie in behavioural medicine. In: Kaptein, A.A., Beunderman, R., Dekker, J., Vingerhoets, A.J.J.M. (eds) Psychologie en geneeskunde. Behavioural medicine 3e druk. Houten: Bohn, Stafleu van Loghum. p. 25-43.
  • Both, S., Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2006) Niet als een kip zonder kop. Neuropraxi 10(2), 33-34.
  • W. Everaerd, S. Both, E. Laan (2006). The Experience of Sexual Emotions. Annual Review of Sex Research, XVII, 183-199.
  • Karsdorp, P.A., Kindt, M.,Everaerd, W., Mulder, B.J.M.(2007) Preattentive processing of heart cues and the perception of heart symptoms in congenital heart disease. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(8), 1893-1902.
  • Karsdorp, P.A., Everaerd, W., Kindt, M., Mulder, B.J.M. (2007) Psychological and cognitive functioning in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease: A meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32(5), 527-541.
  • Van Stegeren, A.H., Wolf, O.T., Everaerd, W., Scheltens, P., Barkhof, F., Rombouts, S.A.R.B. (2007) Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 87(1),57-66.
  • Karsdorp, P.A., Kindt, M., Rietveld, S., Everaerd, W., Mulder, B.J. (2007) Stress-induced heart symptoms and perceptual biases in patients withcongenital heart disease. International Journal of Cardiology, 114(3), 352-357.
  • Spiering, M.,Everaerd,W.(2007) The sexual unconscious. In: Janssen E. (ed), The Psychophysiology of Sex. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 164-184.
  • Everaerd, W. (2007) Learning processes, subjective experience, and genital response: discussion paper. In: Janssen E. (ed), The Psychophysiology of Sex Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 304-307.
  •  Both, S., Everaerd, W., Laan, E. (2007) Desire emerges from excitement: a psychophysiological perspective on sexual motivation. In: Janssen E. (ed), The Psychophysiology of Sex. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 327-339.
  • Both, S., Laan, E., Spiering, M., Nilsson, T., Oomens, S., Everaerd, W., 2008a, and aversive classical conditioning of female sexual response. Journal of Sexual Medicine. 5, 1386-1401.
  • Both, S., Spiering, M., Laan, E., Belcome, S., Van den Heuvel, B., Everaerd, W., 2008c, Unconscious classical conditioning of sexual arousal: Evidence for the conditioning of female genital arousal to subliminally presented sexual stimuli. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 5, 100-109.
  • Karsdorp, P., Kindt, M.,Rietveld, S., Everaerd, W., Mulder, B., 2008, Interpretation bias for heart sensations in congenital heart disease and its relation to quality of life. International Journalof Behavioral Medicine, 15, 232-240
  • Tollenaar, M., Elzinga, B., Spinhoven, P., Everaerd, W., 2008a, Long-term outcomes of memory retrieval under stress. Behavioral Neuroscience. 122, 697-703.
  • Tollenaar, M., Elzinga, B., Spinhoven, P., Everaerd, W., 2008b, The effects of cortisol increase on long-term memory retrieval during and after acute psychosocial stress. Acta Psychologica. 127, 542-55.
  • Van Stegeren, A., Wolf, O., Everaerd, W., Rombouts,S., (2008). Interaction of endogenous cortisol and noradrenaline in the human amygdala. Stress Homones and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Basic Studiesand Clinical Perspectives, 167, 263-268.
  • Both, S., E.Laan & W. Everaerd (2009). The effect of a hot versus cool attentional focus on sexual response in men and women. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 6 , 386-386.
  • Everaerd, W.,Both, S., Laan, E., (2009) Sexuality amd Emotion. In: Sander, S., Scherer, K.R., The Oxford Companion to Emotion and the Affective Sciences. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p 364-367.
  • Gerritsen, J., F. van der Made, J. Bloemers, D. van Ham, G. Kleiverda, W. Everaerd, B. Olivier, R. Levin & A. Tuiten (2009). The Clitoral Photoplethysmograph: A New Way of Assessing Genital Arousal in Women. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 6 , 1678-1687.
  • Karsdorp, P., M. Kindt, S. Rietveld, W. Everaerd & B. Mulder (2009) False Heart Rate Feedback and the Perception of Heart Symptoms in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease and Anxiety. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 16 , 81-88.
  • Tollenaar, M. S., B. M. Elzinga, P. Spinhoven & W. Everaerd (2009a)Autobiographical memory after acute stress in healthy young men. Memory, 17 , 301-310.
  • Tollenaar, M. S., B. M. Elzinga, P. Spinhoven & W. Everaerd (2009b) Immediate and prolonged effects of cortisol, but not propranolol, on memory retrieval in healthy young men. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 91 , 23-31.
  • Tollenaar, M. S., B. M. Elzinga, P. Spinhoven & W. Everaerd (2009c) Psychophysiological responding to emotional memories in healthy young men after cortisol and propranolol administration. Psychopharmacology, 203 , 793-803.
  • van der Made, F., J. Bloemers, D. van Ham, W. El Yassem, G. Kleiverda, W. Everaerd, B. Olivier & A. Tuiten (2009a) Childhood Sexual Abuse, Selective Attention for Sexual Cues and the Effects of Testosterone with or without Vardenafil on Physiological Sexual Arousal in Women with Sexual Dysfunction: A Pilot Study. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 6 , 429-439.
  • van der Made, F., J. Bloemers, W. E. Yassem, G. Kleiverda, W. Everaerd, D. van Ham, B. Olivier, H. Koppeschaar & A. Tuiten (2009b) The Influence of Testosterone Combined with a PDE5-inhibitor on Cognitive, Affective, and Physiological Sexual Functioning in Women Suffering from Sexual Dysfunction. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 6 , 777-790.
  • Bloemers, J., J. Gerritsen, R. Bults, H. Koppeschaar, W. Everaerd, B. Olivier & A. Tuiten (2010) Induction of Sexual Arousal in Women Under Conditions of Institutional and Ambulatory Laboratory Circumstances: A Comparative Study. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 7, 1160-1176.

2010

2009

2008

2009

  • W. Everaerd, S. Both & E. Laan (2009). Sexuality and emotion. In S. Sander & K.R. Scherer (Eds.), The Oxford companion to emotion and the affective sciences (Series in affective science) (pp. 364-367). Oxford: Oxford Univerisity Press.
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