For major water companies like Vitens, the ability to quickly simulate large-scale network models is essential for optimal management of their water systems. These simulations are used for determining pipe friction parameters, cost-effective design, and leak detection, among other things. Vitens is particularly interested in accelerating these calculations across large networks.

Quantum computers have enormous potential to simulate complex networks faster and more efficiently. Recently, Vitens and the Quantum Application Lab (QAL) published a scientific article on the possibilities of quantum computing for water distribution networks. QAL, a collaboration between six scientific organizations including the UvA, investigates the potential of quantum computing for various applications. This project was co-funded by Vitens' Center for Water Expertise and Innovation (CWI).

Testing quantum algorithms

In the collaborative project, the scientists developed and tested various quantum algorithms to simulate and optimize water distribution. These algorithms model the water flow rate and pressure in the water distribution networks. The research was a Proof of Concept, meaning it primarily investigated the feasibility of the computational challenges.

The researchers tested two types of quantum solutions. First, a hybrid method, in which some of the calculations are performed with quantum software and some with classical software. They also tested a method using only quantum algorithms. The hybrid method yielded the most accurate results, but the scientists state that further research is needed to determine the scalability of the methods.

Broad applicability

The software developed for this research could also be used for other applications involving calculations on large networks. Therefore, the software is freely available on GitHub. Koen Leijnse, Innovation Officer at QAL and one of the project's lead researchers, is also seeking potential new projects with water companies.

Leijnse presented the project with Vitens in June at the 41st IAHR World Congress in Singapore. This allowed him to demonstrate the possibilities of quantum software while simultaneously gaining insight into developments by partners in the field. Potential new applications for quantum software include flood calculations, groundwater flow simulations, water filtration and sedimentation, exploration of new materials (in contact with water), and rDNA classification using quantum machine learning.

Interested in collaborating with QAL? Contact Koen Leijnse here.

Scientific article: Quantum simulation & optimization of water distribution networks