C.C.A.M. (Els) Sol an associate professor at Amsterdam Institute for Advanced labour Studies (AIAS) and the Hugo Sinzheimer Institute,University of Amsterdam. Among others, Els is program leader of a major university research program 'Pathways to work' entailing ten research projects on welfare to work, masterclasses and conferences ( www.verbeteronderzoek.nl ). She coordinates the contributions of the institute to EU research program 'Meeting the challenges of economic uncertainty and sustainability through employment, industrial relations, social and environmental policies in European countries (GUSTO) coordinated by Colin Crouch (Warwick Uni), entailing five countries. She coordinates the Dutch part of an international research 'Activating States' comparing employment services under NPM between Australia , United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Also Els is programleader of the international Flexworkresearch centre concerning flexible forms of employment ( www.flexworkresearch.org ). Her research focuses on (international comparisons of) labour market and social security policies and law, policy evaluation, social policies and social protection schemes, atypical labour, labour market intermediairies. She is co-chair of an international research network on reform of employment services ( www.resqresearch.org ).