My dissertation, entitled Art beyond Japan: Contemporary Art in the Politics of Translation, is a critical investigation of knowledge production of the notion of “contemporary Japanese art” in both English and Japanese language realms. This study approaches to the formation of the notion as a discursive construction in the interest of various cultural-ideological intentions on the backdrop of the emerging discipline of World Art History. Paying close attention to art historical, critical, and artistic enunciations in/on contemporary art of/from Japan since the 1950s proposing artistic notions and epistemic conditions that are ulterior to the traditional Western notion of fine arts, this study argues that there is a structure which buries these enunciations, whereas serving “transparency” on the idea of contemporary art of/from Japan as a culturally and artistically unified entity. The structure, this study seeks to expose, is translation. In the present era of globalization, it is unthinkable for art historians and critics to pursue their scholarly studies without employing any translation; however, this study takes issue with the translational practice in art criticism, as an operation at stake. This dissertation is a transdisciplinary undertaking that takes its place at the crossroad of Art History, Comparative Literature, Translation Studies, and Cultural Studies.