Ester de Waal, PhD is at the University of Amsterdam , faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, department of Communication Science and she is assistant professor Journalism and New Media at Leiden University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities and at the consortium for the developing of the Journalism and New Media education curriculum. She is at the expert team of Staatscourant , the official newspaper for the State authorities and she is also a professional freelance researcher and the managing editor of the scientific international communication journal the International Communication Gazette . Her research interests include new media, in particular: the uses and effects of online news, the impact of new media on traditional media and new media in new and traditional democracies, the evolution of printed news and more general media audiences, media consumption and media effects.

Links to research on the uses and effects of online news

Journal articles

• De Waal, E., & Schoenbach, K. (2010). News sites` position in the mediascape: Uses, evaluations and media displacement effects over time. New Media & Society, 12 (3), 477-496.
• De Waal, E., & Schoenbach, K. (2008). Presentation style and beyond: How print newspapers and online news expand awareness of public affairs issues. Mass Communication and Society, 11 (2), 161-176.
• Schoenbach, K., De Waal, E., & Lauf, E. (2005).  Online and Print Newspapers: Their Impact on the Extent of the Perceived Public Agenda. European Journal of Communication, 20 (2), 245-258.
• De Waal, E., Schönbach, K., & Lauf, E. (2005). Online Newspapers: A Substitute or Complement for Print Newspapers and Other Information Channels? Communications, 30 , 55-72.

Book chapters

• De Waal, E. (2003). Mediumeffecten: Weten we meer of mindernu we online zijn? In H. Blanken & M. Deuze (Red.), De Mediarevolutie: 10 jaar www in Nederland (pp.193-207). Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Boom.

Books

• De Waal, E. (2008). Online News & Society: The Evolution of Uses and Effects of News on the Web . Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag Dr Mueller.
• De Waal. E. (2007). Online News: Uses and effects of news websites. Doctoral dissertation, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. (can be obtained through the author)
• De Waal, E., & Schönbach, K. in samenwerking met Lauf, E. (2005). Online Kranten en Maatschappelijke Betrokkenheid': Een onderzoek naar de invloed van het lezen van online versus gedrukte dagbladen op de publieke agenda in Nederland. Den Haag: Den Haag media groep.

Scientific reports

• Schönbach, K., & De Waal, E. in samenwerking met Lauf, E., (2004). Online-kranten en maatschappelijke betrokkenheid. Een vergelijkend onderzoek naar de invloed van het lezen van online versusgedrukte dagbladen op de publieke agenda en politieke participatie in Nederland . Scientific report, The Amsterdam School of Communications Research.
• De Waal, E. (2002). Active Audiences and Democracy. Online Newspapers: A threat to the public agenda? A Research Proposal, The Amsterdam School of Communications Research.

Conference papers

• De Waal, E., & Schoenbach, K. (2007, August). Online news: Uses, perceptions and displacement effects over time. Paper presented at the AEJMC Convention, Washington DC , USA .
• De Waal, E., & Schoenbach, K. (2007, May 24-28). Presentation style and beyond: How print newspapers and online news expand awareness of public affairs issues. Paper accepted for presentation at the ICA Conference,San Francisco , USA .
• De Waal, E., & Schoenbach, K. (2007, February 8-9). Chance encounters vs. user control: How print and online newspapers affect the perceived public agenda in a natural setting. Paper presented at the 'Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap' Conference, Antwerp, Belgium.
• De Waal, E., & Schönbach, K. (2006, June19-23). Internet, Traditional Media and the Public Agenda:   The Impact of the Differential Chance for Audience Control. Paper presented at the ICA Conference, Dresden , Germany .
• De Waal, E., & Schönbach, K. (2005, August 10-13). Communication channels and agenda diversity: The impact of "display" and "research" sources on the public agenda. Paper presented at the AEJMC Conference, San Antonio , Texas , USA .
• De Waal, E., & Schönbach, K. (2004, November 18-19). The impact of different information channels on the diversity and structure of the public agenda. Paper presented at the NESCoR/VSOM Conference, 'Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap', Enschede, The Netherlands.
• De Waal, E.,Schönbach, K.,& Lauf, E. (2004, May 12-15). Online Newspapers: A Substitute for Print Newspapers and Other Information Channels? Paper presented at the WMEC Conference, Montreal , Canada .
• De Waal, E., Schönbach, K. (2004, May 11-13). The impact of online vs. print newspapers on the structure of the public agenda . Paper presented at the WAPOR Conference, Phoenix , USA .
• De Waal, E., Schönbach, K., & Lauf, E. (2003, November 13-14). Do online newspapers endanger public discourse? Online newspaper reading and its effect on the public agenda. Paper presented at the VSOM/NESCoR Conference, 'Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap', Nijmegen , The Netherlands.
• De Waal, E., Schönbach, K., & Lauf, E. (2003, September 17-19). Are online newspapers dangerous for public discourse? Reading online newspapers and its effect on agenda diversity. Paper presented at the WAPOR Conference, Prague , The Czech Republic.
• Schönbach, K., De Waal, E., & Lauf, E.(2003, May 15). Online and print newspapers: use and effects. Presentation atthe INMA EuropeResearch Seminar, Amsterdam.
• De Waal, E. (2002, November 5-6). Are online newspapers threatening civic participation? Toward a theory about the differential impact of print and online newspapers on the public agenda. Paper presented at the VSOM/NESCoR Conference, 'Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap', Utrecht , The Netherlands.

Other publications

• De Waal, E. (2007, 11 oktober). Krantensite verbreedt kennis bij lezer (nog) niet. De Nieuwe Reporter. Retrieved from: http://www.denieuwereporter.nl/?author=205 .