dhr. prof. dr. R.W.H.J. (Reinout) Wiers

Biosketch and main research interests

Prof. Wiers is full professor of developmental psychopathology at the University of Amsterdam. He is internationally known for his work on assessing and changing implicit cognitive processes in addiction. He published over 250 international papers and many books and book-chapters. He received the prestigious VIDI (2002) and VICI (2008) research grants from the Dutch National Science Foundation (N.W.O.) for research on implicit cognition and addiction. With Alan Stacy, he edited the Handbook of Implicit Cognition and Addiction (SAGE, 2006). He is senior editor of the no 1 ranked journal in the field of substance abuse (Addiction) and on the editorial board of several other Addiction journals.

Zie voor meer info, voor meedoen aan online training (gratis): www.impliciet.eu

Brief history

Current Post: Professor of Developmental Psychopathology, University of Amsterdam, 2008-

Faculty professor FMG-UvA (2014-)

Previous Posts:

Professor of Experimental Psychological Research on Addictive Behaviors in Youth, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 2006-2008.

Associate Professor (UhD, Experimental Addiction Research, Maastricht University, 2002-2008.

Assistant Professor (UD), Psychology, Maastricht University, 1998-2002

Qualifications: Ph.D., Experimental Psychopathology, University of Amsterdam, 1998, cum laude. Advisors: Joe Sergeant, Boudewijn Gunning & Ken Sher (University of Missouri).

M.Sc. Psychonomics (Experimental Psychology), University of Amsterdam, 1992, cum laude.

Member of

UvA: Yield (http://cde.uva.nl/research/rpa-yield/about.html);

Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (http://www.uva.nl/onderzoek/onderzoek-aan-de-uva/zwaartepunten/content/brain-and-cognition/brain-and-cognition.html)

NL: EPP (Dutch-Flemish postgraduate school for research and education in experimental psychopathology): www.epp-research.nl; VGCT (Netherlands Organization for Cognitive Behavior Therapy); NIP (Netherlands Institute for Psychology), member of Addiction Board.

International: Association for Psychological Science (APS, fellow since 2011); Research Society for Alcoholism (RSoA).

Grants

In addition to N.W.O. Vici and Vidi grants, I received a total of 15 grants as P.I., for a total of 5309 K€.

I am co-PI on another 8 grants, for a total of 2922 K€, including a WP7 grant (AliceRap) in which I lead one of the WPs.

Scholarships, Prices

1992    Master's thesis 'The nature of natural representation', awarded as best thesis of the faculty (Faculty of Psychology, University of Amsterdam).

2002    ISBRA (International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism) Meeting Award.

2002    NWO Vidi award 

2008    NWO Vici award 

2012    Appointed APS fellow

2014    Appointed Faculty Professor Social Sciences UvA

2014    EMCDDA (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction) scientific paper award 2014, for paper: Rehm, J., Marmet, S., Anderson, P., Gual, A., Kraus, L., Nutt, D. J., Room, R., Samokhvalov, A. V., Scafato, E., Trapencieris, M., Wiers, R. W., & Gmel, G. (2013). Defining substance use disorders: do we really need more than heavy use? Alcohol Alcoholism, 48(6), 633-640. 

2014    Wiers et al 2011 Psychological Science in top 1% most highly cited papers in psychology and psychiatry of that year.

Main Research Topics

The goal of my research group is to increase understanding into the (neuro-) cognitive processes involved in the etiology of addiction and related disorders and to use this knowledge to develop interventions. Together with my colleagues I developed the alcohol-related approach avoidance task (AAT) as a novel measure of automatic, implicit appetitive tendencies toward alcohol (Wiers et al., 2009). Based on the AAT, we subsequently developed automatic action tendency re-training as an implicit intervention designed to reduce appetitive tendencies toward alcohol and thereby decrease alcohol consumption in students (Wiers et al 2010), and increase abstinence in alcoholic patients (Wiers et al., 2011, replications: Eberl et al 2013; Rinck, Wiers et al., in press, 2018). We also conducted the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) on attentional re-training in alcohol use disorders (AUDs, Schoenmakers et al., 2010), and conducted research on neurocognitive predictors of trajectories of addiction (e.g. Cousijn et al., 2012), and on the effects of various novel interventions: re-training and transcranical Direct Current stimulationtDCS, e.g. Gladwin et al., 2012; Den Uyl et al, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) for addiction. Although the focus of my work has been on (neuro)cognitive processes involved in addictive behaviors, we also developed training for other disorders (e.g. anxiety, depression). We launched a site for the public, where people can take part in online training (www.impliciet.eu), and we aim for a further integration of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) with Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) applications, for which we now also develop mobile and gamified varieties.

Theory

Theory

With my colleagues, I published widely-cited dual-process models for addictions (e.g. Wiers & Stacy, 2006; Wiers et al., 2007; Stacy & Wiers, 2010), and health behaviors (Hofmann, Friese & Wiers, 2008). More recently, we reformulated our theoretical perspective (Gladwin et al., 2011; Wiers et al., 2013; Hommel & Wiers, 2017; Wiers & Gladwin, 2017), given neural implausibility and homunculus problems associated with original dual-process models, as we and others identified. We proposed a new perspective in which automatic and controlled processes constitute a continuum, with (processing-) time (Gladwin et al., 2011) and meta-control (Hommel & Wiers, 2017)  as moderators. From this perspective, human behavior is generally goal-directed, with different goals moving us in different directions: immediate short-term goals may conflict with long-term goals, with akrasia problems relating to a general tendency to value short-term goals stronger (delay-discounting), see Gladwin et al., 2011; Köpetz et al., 2013). In contrast to dual process models, executive control (EC) functions develop and emerge from a competitive and interactive EC network (ECN) managing input and different goals, rather than from an independent top-down control system. Thus, our new perspective emphasizes the interwoven nature of processes underlying ability and motivation to control impulses. It dovetails with current functional network perspectives, in which large scale neurocognitive networks interact to guide behavior. I emphasize the dynamic and reversible nature of neurocognitive abnormalities associated with addictions and related problems, either through behavioral change (e.g., prolonged abstinence), or with targeted interventions, such as cognitive training, or neuro-rehabilitation and –modulation.

Moderation studies

In a series of studies we tested both relatively automatic processes (attentional bias; memory associations; approach tendencies) and executive control processes as individual difference measures. What we consistently found was that in individuals with relatively low executive control functions, automatic processes primarily predicted their addictive behaviors, while in individuals with relatively high executive control, reflective processes (e.g. expected outcomes) predicted their addictive behaviors (Grenard et al., 2008; Thush et al., 2008; Houben & Wiers, 2009). We found the same dissociation for the prediction of other impulsive behaviors, including eating behavior in restraint eaters, sexual interest and aggression (Hofmann et al.,2008) and for aggression after alcohol (Wiers et al., 2009, Pharmacol, Biochem Behav). In high-risk adolescents we found that an alcohol-approach bias predicts escalation of drinking in those adolescents with relatively weakly developed executive control functions (Peeters et al, 2012; 2013). We also started studying acute alcohol effects from this perspective and found that attentional bias in heavy drinkers is stronger found stronger attentional bias after alcohol than after placebo and the correlation between attentional bias and approach bias was markedly stronger after alcohol than after placebo (Schoenmakers et al., 2008; Field et al 2010; Korucuoglu et al 2014). SEE UNDER PUBLICATIONS.

Neurocognitive mechanisms

We are interested in the study of neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the psychological processes described above and in genetic associations with these processes. Regarding the latter, we found that heavy drinking carriers of the G-Allele in the OPRM1 gene showed stronger cue-induced craving (Van den Wildenberg et al., 2007) and stronger automatic approach tendencies for alcohol, as well as for other appetitive stimuli (Wiers et al., 2009, Genes Brain Behav). We are currently studying genetic correlates of attentional bias as well (Sara Pieters). In addition to cognitive measures we use psychophysiological indices of underlying processes (e.g. eye movements, Schoenmakers et al., 2008; Friese et al., 2010), EEG and fMRI (see papers Cousijn et al; Gladwin et al; Korucuoglu et al; Kaag et al; Schulte et al). SEE UNDER PUBLICATIONS.

New Interventions

From the general perspective outlined above, we have developed new interventions, aimed at reducing the influence of impulsive processes on behavior, and to increase the influence of reflective/control processes . This can be done by varieties of so called cognitive bias modification (CBM) interventions, such as attentional re-training (alcohol: Schoenmakers et al., 2007; 2010; Rinck, Wiers et al., in press JCCP), cigarette smoking: Elfeddali et al 2016), or through approach-bias re-training (Wiers et al., 2010; 2011; Eberl et a 2013a,b; Rinck, Wiers et al., in press JCCP). We also work on increasing executive control (e.g., Houben et al, 2011). We currently run studies where we will test combinations of different new interventions (van Deursen). For a reviews of training-studies in addiction and related psychopathology, see Wiers et al (2013, Clinical Psychological Science; 2018 Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Note that when synthesizing research on interventions, it is crucial to distinguish between proof of principle (PoP) studies in volunteers and RCTs in patients, which represent different phases of the experimental medicine approach to intervention-development (Sheeran et al., 2017; Wiers et al., 2018). Once separated, the pattern is clear: PoP studies have short-lived effects on behavior, in case the targeted bias is successfully changed and RCTs in which CT is added to treatment result in long-term clinical effects (about 10% reduction in relapse one year later, an effect size similar to medication for alcohol use disorders, see Wiers et al., 2018a,b). This conclusion was corroborated by our recent Bayesian individual patient data meta-analysis including clinical RCTs only (Boffo et al in press Neuropsychology Review), while it was clear that further research is needed.

   We work on the development of game-versions of the re-training procedures, aimed at substance abusing youth (Wouter Boendermaker; Marilisa Boffo). Finally, we will study new interventions involving direct stimulation of the relevant brain areas (Tess Den Uyl).

Collaborators, PhD students

Finished Phd students

2007 UM Katrijn Houben (now assistant prof at UM), Decoding the alcohol IAT: The Implicit Association Test as a measure of

                  individual differences in implicit preferences for alcohol

2007 UM Esther van den Wildenberg. Cognitive and biological individual differences in problematic alcohol use.

2008 UM Tim Schoenmakers (now assistant prof at UvA). Implicit and explicit cognitive mechanisms in alcohol use and abuse:

                   assessment and change

2008 UM Carolien Thush. Implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognition and early interventions in high risk youth.

2009 UM Jade van de Luitgaarden. Excessive alcohol use in youth on holidays: innovation and evaluation of prevention

                  research

2012 UvA (Cum Laude) Janna Cousijn (now assistant prof UvA). Neurocognitive processes in cannabis use and abuse

2013 UM Iman Elfeddali (now UM, Tilburg Univeristy). Relapse prevention for smoking cessation: testing explicit and implicit

                  regulation processes

2014 RUN Daan Creemers. Implicit and explicit self-attitudes in relation to adolescent and young adult depression, stress and 

                   treatment

2014 UvA Sebastiaan Dovis. Cognitive control and motivation in children with ADHD.

2014 UU Margot Peeters (now assistant prof UU). Rethink your drink. The bidirectional relationship between automatic and

                  controlled processes and the development of drinking behaviour in at-risk adolescents

2014 UWA Jason Sharbanee. Cognitive processes underlying dysregulated alcohol consumption

2015 RUN Sara Pieters. States of consciousness: New perspectives on the relation between sleep, cognition and alcohol use in

                 adolescence

2015 UvA Ozlem Korucuoglu (now at Dept of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA) Neurocognitive     

                processes and the prediction of addictive behaviors in late adolescence

2015 UvA Tim Janssen (now assistant prof at Brown University). Now is the time for reward! The developmental relationship

               between cognitive-motivational factors and adolescent substance use.

2015 RUG Madelon van Hemel-Ruiter. Can’t take my eyes off of you. The role of cognitive biases, reward sensitivity and

               executive control in adolescent substance use and abuse

2016 UvA Poppy Watson (now at UNSW, Sydney). From outcomes to actions: fundamental mechanisms in reward seeking.

2017 UvA Leone de Voogd. Always look on the bright side of life? The quest for an online cognitive training to prevent

                  adolescent anxiety and depression.

2017 UvA Tess den Uyl. Stimulating the addicted brain: the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive bias

                  modification in alcohol users

2017 UvA Wouter Boendermaker. Serious gamification. Motivating adolescents to do cognitive training

2018 UvA Esther Beraha. Baclofen, (how) does it work? The efficacy and working mechanism of high-dose baclofen in the           

                 treatment of alcohol dependence

2018 Mieke Schulte. Take control. Developing and testing novel treatments of substance dependence by targeting underlying   

                 neurocognitive processes

(Former and Current) Postdocs

Katrijn Houben (now at UM), Thomas Gladwin (now assistant prof at University of Chichester);   Helle Larsen (now assistant prof at UvA); Kiki Nikolaou (now at University of Sussex); Nicole Oei; Marilisa Boffo; Bram van Bockstaele; Anne-Marije Kaag

National Collaborations (outside UvA FMG)

Amsterdam Uva-AMC (Wim van den Brink, Anneke Goudriaan; Liesbeth Reneman);

Amsterdam VU (Heleen Riper, Pim Cuijpers, Eirini Karyotaki) - e-health; Caring Universities

Groningen (Peter de Jong);

Leiden (Bernard Hommel);

Maastricht (Katijn Houben, Anne Roefs, Anita Jansen, Rob Ruiter);

Nijmegen (Mike Rinck, Eni Becker);

Rotterdam (Ingmar Franken);

Utrecht (Wilma Vollebergh);

Trimbos Institute

International Collaborations (see publications)

UK: Matt Field (now University of Sheffield) Miles Cox (Bangor University), Nick Heather (Northumbria University)
US: Alan Stacy, Susan Ames (CGU), Ken Sher  & Bruce Bartholow (University of Missouri, Columbia), Stephanie O'Malley (Brown), Kristen Lindgren (University of Washinghton), Bethany Teachman & Brian Nosek (University of Virginia), Kris Anderson (Reed College).

Aus: Colin MacLeod (UWA), Mike Le Pelley (UNSW), Lucy Albertella, Antonio Verdejo-Garcia, Murat Yucel (Monash) 

Germany: Salus Clinic Lindow, Johannes Lindenmeyer, Wilhelm Hofmann (now University of Köln)
France: Oulmann Zerhouni (Paris Nanterre)

If you do not get access to a paper and would like to receive it, you can send an e-mail to me or secretary, opsecretariaat-fmg@uva.nl

English Publications

* International Papers, see under Publications

or google scholar (incl. publication statistics): https://scholar.google.nl/citations?user=2vKDTuoAAAAJ&hl=nl

* International Books and Chapters

Frijda, N.H., Markam, S., Sato, K. & Wiers, R.W. (1995). Emotions and emotion words. In: JA Russell, AJR Manstead, JC Wellenkamp & JM Fernandez-Dols (Eds.) Everyday Conceptions of Emotions. An introduction to the Psychology, Anthropology and Linguistics of Emotions. Dordrecht: Kluwer. pp.121-143.

Wiers, R.W. (1998). Bad Expectations? Cognitive and neuropsychological indicators of enhanced risk for alcoholism. (Doctoral Thesis). Delft: EburonP&L.

Wiers, R. W., Houben, K., Smulders, F. T. Y., Conrod, P. J., & Jones, B. T. (2006). To drink or not to drink: the role of automatic and controlled cognitive processes in the etiology of alcohol-related problems. In R. W. Wiers & A. W. Stacy (Eds.), Handbook of implicit cognition and addiction. (pp. 339-361). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.

Houben, K., Wiers, R. W., & Roefs, A. (2006). Reaction time measures of substance-related associations. In R. W. Wiers & A. W. Stacy (Eds.), Handbook of implicit cognition and addiction. (pp. 91-104). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishers.

Wiers, R. W & Stacy, A. W. (Eds.) (2006). Handbook of implicit cognition and addiction. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishers.

Wiers, R. W. & Stacy, A. W. (2006). Implicit cognition and addiction: an introduction. In R. W. Wiers & A. W. Stacy (Eds.), Handbook of implicit cognition and addiction. (pp. 1-8). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishers.

Stacy, R. W. & Wiers, R. W. (2006). Common themes and new directions in implicit cognition and addiction. In R. W. Wiers & A. W. Stacy (Eds.), Handbook of implicit cognition and addiction. (pp. 497-505). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishers.

Wiers, R. W. & De Jong, P. J. (2006). Implicit and explicit alcohol, smoking and drug-related cognitions and emotions. In J. Z. Arlsdale (Ed.) Advances in Social Psychology Research. (pp. 1-35). NY: Nova Science Publishers.

Stacy, A. W. & Wiers, R. W. (2006). An implicit cognition, associative memory framework for addiction. In: M. R. Munafo & I. P. Albery (Eds.). Cognition and Addiction. pp. 31-71. NY: Oxford University Press.

Wiers, R. W., Schoenmakers, T., Houben, K., Thush, C., Fadardi, J. S., Cox, W. M. (2008). Can problematic alcohol use be trained away? New behavioural treatments aimed at changing and moderating implicit cognitive processes in alcohol abuse. Chapter 15, pp. 185-205. In: Colin R. Martin (Ed.). 'Identification and treatment of alcohol dependency'.Keswick, UK: M&K Publishing.

Huijding, J., Wiers, R.W., & Field, A. (2010). The assessment of fear-related automatic associations in children and adolescents. in: J. A. Hadwin & A. P. Field. (Eds.). Information processing biases and anxiety: a developmental perspective. (pp 151-182). Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. IRIS 32196

Stacy, A. W., Ames, S. Wiers, R. W. & Krank, M. (2010). Associative Memory in Appetitive Behavior: A Framework and Relevance to Prevention and Epidemiology. In: L.M. Scheier (Ed.) Handbook of drug use etiology: Theory, methods, and empirical findings. (pp. 165-182). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. IRIS 32195

Wiers, R. W., Houben, K., Roefs, A., De Jong, P., Hofmann, W., Stacy, A. W. (2010). Implicit Cognition in Health Psychology: Why Common Sense Goes Out of the Window. In: B. Gawronski & K. Payne (Eds.). Handbook of Implicit Social Cognition. (pp. 463-488). NY: Guilford. IRIS 32197

Hofmann, W., Förster, G., Stroebe, W., & Wiers, R. W. (2011). The great disinhibitor: Alcohol, food cues, and eating behavior. In: V. R. Preedy, R. R. Watson & C. R. Martin (Eds.). Handbook of behavior, food, and nutrition (pp. 2977-2991). New York: Springer. IRIS 64528

Field, M. & Wiers, R. W. (2012). Automatic and controlled processes in the pathway from drug abuse to addiction. In: J. C. Verster, K. Brady, M. Galanter & P. Conrod (Eds.). Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness. Causes, Consequences and Treatment. (pp. 35-45). NY: Springer. IRIS 54109

Wiers, R. W., Fromme, K., Latvala, A. & Stewart, S. H. (2012). Risk and Protective Factors for Underage Drinking. In: Philippe De Witte and Mack C. Mitchell, Jr. (Eds.) Underage Drinking. A Report on Drinking in the Second Decade of Life in Europe and North America. (pp. 79-146). Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.

Stewart, S. H., Conrod, P. J., Latvala, A., Wiers, R. W., & White, H. R. (2012). Prevention of Alcohol Use and Misuse in Youth: A Comparison of North American and European Approaches. In: Philippe De Witte and Mack C. Mitchell, Jr. (Eds.) Underage Drinking. A Report on Drinking in the Second Decade of Life in Europe and North America. (pp. 147-208). Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.

Beccaria, F., Conrod, P. J., Fromme, K., Latvala, A., Stewart, S. H., Wiers, R. W., & White, H. R. (2012). Recommendations. In: Philippe De Witte and Mack C. Mitchell, Jr. (Eds.) Underage Drinking. A Report on Drinking in the Second Decade of Life in Europe and North America. (pp. 209-216). Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.

Wiers, R. W., Derks, E. M., & Gladwin, T. E. (2013). Implicit cognition: an intermediate phenotype for addiction? In: J. MacKillop & M. Munafo (Eds). Genetic influences on addiction. An intermediate phenotype approach. (pp. 207-235). Cambridge (MA): MIT Press. . IRIS 84785

Wiers, R. W., Houben, K., Hofmann, W. & Stacy, A. W. (2015). Indirect measures in the domain of health psychology. In: T. M. Ortner & F. J. R. Van de Vijver (Eds.). Behavior-based assessment in psychology. Going beyond self-report in the personality, affective, motivation, and social domains. Series: Psychological Assessment – Science & Practice, Vol. 1. (pp. 153-172). Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe.

Hernandez, L., Lavigne, A., Wood, M. & Wiers, R. W. (2015). Moderators and mediators of treatments for youth with substance abuse. In: M. Maric, P. J. M. Prins & T. H. Ollendick. Moderators and Mediators of Youth Treatment Outcomes. (pp. 174-209). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Boendermaker, W. J., Prins, P. J., & Wiers, R. W. (2015). Prevention in Addiction: Using Serious Games to (re) train Cognition in Dutch Adolescents. InSerious Games (pp. 173-178). Springer International Publishing.

Blankers, M., Salemink, E., & Wiers, R. W. (2016). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Cognitive Bias Modification in Internet-Based Interventions for Mood, Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders. In e-Mental Health (pp. 193-215). Springer International Publishing.

Wiers, R. W., Becker, D., Holland, R., Moggi, F. & Lejuez, C. W. (2016). Cognitive Motivational Processes Underlying Addiction Treatment. In: Addiction. C. Köpetz & C. Lejuez (Eds.). Frontiers in Social Psychology. (pp. 201-236). A. Kruglanski & J. Forgas (Series Editors). Psychology Press.

Gladwin, T. E., Wiers, C. & Wiers, R. W. (2016). Cognitive Neuroscience of Cognitive Retraining for Addiction Medicine: From Mediating Mechanisms to Questions of Efficacy. In: H. Ekhtiari & M. P. Paulus (Eds.). Neuroscience for Addiction Medicine: From Prevention to Rehabilitation - Methods and Interventions Progress in Brain Research. (pp. 323-344). Volume 224. San Diego (CA): Elsevier.

Wiers, R. W.,  Field, M. and Stacy, A. W. (2016). Passion’s Slave?: Conscious and Unconscious Cognitive Processes in Alcohol and Drug Abuse. In: K.J. Sher (Ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders: Volume 1 (pp. 311-350). Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199381678.013.009

Wiers, R.W. & Gladwin, T.E. (2017) Reflective and impulsive processes in addiction and the role of motivation. In: Reflective and Impulsive Determinants of Human Behavior (Deutsch, R. Gawronski, B., & Hofmann, W., Eds), pp. 173–188, Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

Boendermaker, W. J., Peeters, M., Prins, P. J., & Wiers, R. W. (2017). Using serious games to (re) train cognition in adolescents. In Serious Games and Edutainment Applications(pp. 307-321). Springer International Publishing.

Wiers, R.W., Anderson, K. G., van Bockstaele, B., Salemink, E. & Hommel, B. (2018). Affect, Dual-processing, Developmental Psychopathology, and Health Behaviors. In: David M. Williams, Ryan E. Rhodes, Mark T. Conner (Eds.) Affective Determinants of Health Behavior. (pp 158-184). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Nederlandse publicaties

Nederlandse publicaties, in chronologische volgorde.

Wiers, R.W. & Verschure, P.F.M.J. (1991). Neuronale Netwerken en Ontwikkelingspsychologie: Alternatief in Ontwikkeling. Tijdschrift voor Ontwikkelingspsychologie, 18, 3, 123-147.

Wiers, R.W. (1992). The Nature of Natural Representation. Memo 124, VF Project Knowledge Acquisition in Formal Domains. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam, Psychology Faculty.

Wiers R.W. (1994). Verslavingsrisico bij kinderen van alcoholisten. De Psycholoog, 29, 217-222.

Wiers R.W. (1996). De genezing van de Daltons. Directieve Therapie, 16, 143-144.

Wiers, R.W. (1997). Kruisridders tegen drank moeten uit ander vaatje tappen. De Volkskrant (Forum), 26 juli 1997.

Lange A., Blonk, R., Wiers, R.W., Van der Schaar D. (1997a) De ouder-kind interactie vragenlijst (OKIV). Kind en Adolescent, 18, 15-34.       

Lange A., Blonk, R., Wiers, R.W., Van der Schaar D. (1997b) De OKIV: de ouder-kind interactie vragenlijst Gedragstherapie, 30, 113-120.

Vente de, W., Wiers, R.W., Brink van den, W., Lange, A., & Sergeant, J. A. (1998). Alcohol Use and Domestic Aggression. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam and the Amsterdam Group. (ISBN 90-6464-417-9)

Wiers, R.W. (1999a). Wie raakt er verslaafd? De Psycholoog, 34, 146-151.

Wiers, R.W. (1999b). Individuele verschillen in kwetsbaarheid voor alcohol-afhankelijkheid en preventie van alcoholgerelateerde problemen. In W.R. Buisman, J. Casselman, E.A. Noorlander, G.M. Schippers & W.M. Zwart (Red.). Handboek Verslaving Houten/Zaventem: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. (pp. C 1030-1 - C 1030-27).

Wiers, R. W. (2000c). Voorspellers van verslaving. Cobo-Bulletin, 33, 35-40.

Vente de, W. & Wiers, R.W. (2000). Cognities hangen samen met alcoholgebruik: De vragenlijst alcohol verwachtingen. Psychopraxis, 2, 125-128.

Woerden van, N. & Wiers, R. W. (2000). Beelddenken kritisch bekeken. De Psycholoog, 35, 371-375.

Wiers, R. W. (2000a). Effecten van alcohol en kwetsbaarheid voor verslaving. Neuropraxis, 6, 189-194.

Wiers, R. W. (2000b). Voorlichting over alcohol schrikt kinderen niet af. De Volkskrant (Forum), 9 november 2000, p. 9.

Wiers, R. W., Theunissen, N. (2002). Alcohol en de jeugd: gebruik, misbruik, kwetsbaarheid en interventie. In: J. D. Bosch, H. A. Bosma, R. J. van der Gaag, A. J. J. M. Ruijssenaars & A. Vijt (Redactie). Jaarboek ontwikkelingspsychol, orthopedagogiek en kinderpsychiatrie, 5, (pg. 143-167). Houten: Bohn, Stafleu Van Loghum.

Wiers, R. W. (2002). Verslaafd raken: gen & omgeving. Cahiers Bio-Wetenschappen en Maatschappij, 21(2), 25-33.

Wiers, R. W. & Merckelbach, H. (2002). Besmet? NRC Handelsblad, 28 maart 2002, Opinie, p. 8.

Wiers, R. W. (2004). Franken. I. Drugspotting. Cognitive and neuropsychopharmacological processes in human drug taking. Boekbespreking. Maandblad Geestelijke Volksgezondheid, 59(3), 255-258.

Wiers, R. W. (2004). Wat is verslaving? Over de noodzaak van een conceptuele herdefiniëring. In: J. van Vugt & R. Engels (Red.). Wat heet verslaving? Nijmegen: DAMON Budel, Soesterbeeck Programma.

Wiers, R. W. (2004). Wat is verslaving? De noodzaak van een conceptuele herdefiniëring van het begrip verslaving. Gedrag & Gezondheid, 32(3), 164-174.

Thush, C., Wiers, R. W., van den Bosch, J., Opdenacker, J., Theunissen, N., & Feron, F. M. J. (2004). “Leren drinken”. Opzet en eerste resultaten van een preventieprogramma gericht op overmatig drinkende jongeren. Gedrag & Gezondheid, 32(3), 193-202.

Wiers, R. W. (2006). Het ontstaan van verslavingsgedrag bij jongeren: een noodlottige zelfoverschatting van het bewustzijn. Oratie. Nijmegen: Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen. (te verkrijgen op: www.ru.nl/oraties).

Wiers, R. W. & Thush, C. (2006). Secundaire preventie alcoholmisbruik onderzocht. PrePost, 8, 18-19.

Wiers, R., Havermans, R., Jansen, A., & Knibbe, R. (2007). Middelgebonden stoornissen en verslaving. In H.T. van der Molen, S. Perreijn & M.A. van den Hout (Eds.). Klinische psychologie: theorieën en psychopathologie. Tweede herziene druk. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff, pp. 723-779.

Wiers, R. W. & Thush, C. (2007). Zwaar drinkende jongeren: wat kunnen we doen en hoe krijgen we ze te pakken? Tijdschrift voor Gezondheidswetenschappen (TSG) 85(1), 63-65.

Wiers, R. W. & Thush, C. (2007). Lessen achteraf of “I knew it all along” Tijdschrift voor Gezondheidswetenschappen (TSG) 85(2), 20-21.

Wiers, R. W., Vink, J. & De Vries, T. (2007). Verslaving: Sekseverschillen in Misbruik en Afhankelijkheid van Middelen. In: Cath, Gijsbers van Wijk, Klumpers (Eds). Sekseverschillen in de psychiatrie. Een neurobiologische benadering. (pp. 172-190). Assen: Van Gorcum.

Thush, C., Wiers, R. W., Ames,  S. L., Grenard, J. L., Sussman, S., & Stacy, A. W. (in press). Appels en peren? Verschillende impliciete maten van alcoholgerelateerde cognitie als voorspellers van alcoholgebruik onder jongeren. Jaarboek Sociale Psychologie 2006.

Havermans, R. C., Thewissen, R., Wiers, R. W. & Jansen, A. (2007). Het aanleren van verslaving. Slechte gewoonte of onbeheersbare drang? De Psycholoog, 42, 334-342.

Wiers, R. W. (2007). Slaaf van het onbewuste. Over emotie, bewustzijn en verslaving. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker.

Wiers, R. W. (2008). Een noodlottige zelfoverschatting van het bewustzijn. Het ontstaan van verslavingsgedrag bij jongeren. De Psycholoog, 43(4), 210-217.

Wiers, R. W. & Engels, R. (2008). Middelenmisbruik en verslaving. In: P. Prins & C. Braet (Eds). Handboek klinische ontwikkelingspsychologie. (pp. 529-553) Houten: Bohn, Stafleu Van Loghum.

Houben, K., Schoenmakers, T., Thush, C. & Wiers, R. W. (2008). Impliciete Cognitie en Verslaving. Gedragstherapie, 41, 169-182.

Thush, C. & Wiers, R. W. (2008). Een dubbele kijk op minder drinken. De invloed van expliciete en impliciete alcoholgerelateerde processen en vroege interventie bij jongeren. Psychologie en Gezondheid, 36(5), 273-283.

Wiers, R. W. (2009). Automatische en controlerende processen en het ontstaan van verslavingsgedrag. In: I. Franken & W. Van den Brink (Red). Handboek Verslaving. (pp. 115-124) Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.

Deursen van, D. S., Salemink, E., Schoenmakers, T. & Wiers, R. W. (2009). Het her-trainen van automatische cognitieve processen bij angst- en verslavingsproblematiek. GZ-Psychologie, 2, 24-29.

Deursen van, D. S., Salemink, E., Lammers, J. & Wiers, R. W. (2010). Selectieve en geïndiceerde preventie van problematisch middelengebruikt bij jongeren. Kind & Adolescent, 31(4), 234-246. IRIS 32194

Kraag, G., Salemink, E., & Wiers, R. (2011). Middelengebruik. In: M. Taal & C. Poleij (Red.). Interventies in het onderwijs: werken aan goede verhoudingen. Den Haag: Boom Lemma. (pp. 93-120). IRIS

Wiers, R. W., Gladwin, T. E. & Salemink, E. (2011). Executieve Functies en Probleemgedrag: Tel eerst tot 10. De Psycholoog, 46 (11), 54-62. IRIS

Wiers, R. W. & Cousijn, J. (2012). Het Nederlandse cannabisbeleid rationaliseren. MGv (Medium GGZ en Verslaving). November 2012. http://www.mgv-online.nl/debat_artikel/38/Reinout-W-Wiers-Janna-Cousijn-Het-Nederlandse-cannabisbeleid-rationaliseren

Franken, I. H. A., & Wiers, R. W. (2013). Motivationele processen bij verslaving: de rol van craving, salience en aandacht. Tijdschrift voor psychiatrie, 55(11), 833-840. IRIS

Wiers, R. W. (2013). Grip op je problemen. Cognitieve training bij verslaving en angst. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker.

Wiers, R. W., van Deursen, D., Wolf, A. & Salemink, E. (2013b). Gecomputeriseerde trainingen voor verslavingsgedrag bij adolescenten. In: C. Braet & S. Bögels (Redactie). Protocollaire behandelingen voor kinderen en adolescenten met psychische klachten 2. Amsterdam: Boom.

Salemink, E., de Voogd, E. L., de Hullu, E., & Wiers, R.W. (2013). Het glas is halfvol: Computergestuurde interpretatietraining bij angst. Gedragstherapie, 46, 329-342.

Salemink, E., Bosmans, G., de Haan, E., & Wiers, R.W. (2013). Look at the bright side of life: Computergestuurde training bij angst. Directieve Therapie, 33, 102-116.

Wiers, R. W., van Deursen, D., Wolf, A., Gladwin, T., & Salemink, E. (2013). Train je

         verslaving weg! Cognitieve trainingen bij verslavingsgedrag. Directieve Therapie 33,

         118-134.

Wiers, R. W., van Deursen, D., Wolf, A., Boffo, M. & Salemink, E. (2014). Training van cognitieve processen ter ondersteuning van de behandeling van problematisch middelengebruik. In: G. M. Schippers, M. Smeerdijk & M. J.M. Merkx (Redactie). Handboek cognitieve gedragstherapie bij middelengebruik en gokken. Utrecht: Stichting Resultaten Scoren, Kenniscentrum Verslaving in samenwerking met Perspectief Uitgevers.  Pp. 411-427.

Wiers, R. W. & Engels, R. (2014). Middelenmisbruik en verslaving. In: P. Prins & C. Braet (Eds). Handboek klinische ontwikkelingspsychologie. 2e Editie (pp. 467-490). Houten: Bohn, Stafleu Van Loghum.

Creemers, H., Cousijn, J. & Wiers, R. W. (2015). Stoornissen in cannabisgebruik. In: I. Franken, P. Muris & D. Denys (Redactie). Psychopathologie, Oorzaken, diagnostiek en behandeling. 2^e druk. (pp. 743-753). Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.

Van Bockstaele, B., Salemink, E., Wiers, R. W. & Bögels, S. (in press). Nieuwe ontwikkelingen in de behandeling van sociale angst: De klinische effecten van aandachts- en mindfulnesstraining. Tijdschrift Gedragstherapie.

Wiers, R. W., Larsen, H. & Salemink, E. (2015). Middelgebonden stoornissen en verslaving. In H. T. Van der Molen, E. Simon & J. Van Lankveld (Red.). Klinische Psychologie. Theorieën en psychopathologie. Groningen: Noordhoff Uitgevers. (Pp 265-288).

Wiers, R. W. & Salemink E. (2015). Gecomputeriseerde training van psychologische processen bij problematisch middelengebruik. Gedragstherapie, 48 (2), 171-184.

Boendermaker, W., Peeters, M. & Wiers, R. W. (2017). Serious games inzetten bij drinkende jongeren. Verslag van een promotieonderzoek. Verslaving, 13, 1-12. DOI 10.1007/s12501-017-0125-y

Creemers, H., Cousijn, J. & Wiers, R. W. (2017). Stoornis in cannabisgebruik. In: I. Franken, P. Muris & D. Denys (Red). Psychopathologie: Oorzaken, diagnostiek & behandeling. 2^e druk. De tijdstroom. (pp. 743-753).

Wiers, R. W. (2017). Werkt cognitieve bias modificatie nu wel of niet als aanvulling bij CGT? Gedragstherapie, 50, 69-76.

Wiers, R. W. & Merkx, M. (2018). Middelgerelateerde en verslavingsstoornissen. In: E. Simon, E. de Hullu, G. Smeets, & H. van der Molen (Red.). Klinische Psychologie, Diagnostiek en Behandeling. 3e geheel herziene druk. (pp. 299-314). Groningen: Noordhoff Uitgevers.